SHANTI Act: Who is liable for nuclear incidents under the new law?

Key Points

1. The Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India (SHANTI) Act, 2025 replaces the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, 2010.
2. The SHANTI Act caps the liability of nuclear plant operators to ₹3,000 crores for plants above 3600 MW capacity.
3. The Act exempts suppliers from any statutory liability in case of a nuclear accident.
4. President Droupadi Murmu gave her assent to the SHANTI Act on December 21.
5. The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) is constituted under SHANTI, with all appointees made by the Centre.