<h4>Introduction to Makhana: The Fox Nut</h4><p><strong>Makhana</strong>, also popularly known as <strong>fox nut</strong>, is derived from the dried seeds of the <strong>prickly water lily</strong>. Its scientific name is <strong>Euryale ferox</strong>.</p><div class="info-box"><strong>Botanical Name:</strong> <em>Euryale ferox</em><br><strong>Common Name:</strong> Fox Nut<br><strong>Nature:</strong> Dried seed of prickly water lily</div><p>It is widely recognized as a <strong>nutrient-dense</strong> and <strong>low-fat healthy snack</strong>. This makes it a popular choice among health-conscious consumers and a valuable agricultural product.</p><div class="key-point-box"><strong>Key Characteristics:</strong> Nutrient-dense, low-fat, healthy snack.</div><h4>Production Hub and Geographical Indication</h4><p>The state of <strong>Bihar</strong> plays a dominant role in India's makhana production. It accounts for an impressive <strong>90%</strong> of the country's total output.</p><div class="info-box"><strong>Production Share:</strong> Bihar contributes 90% of India's makhana production.</div><p>In <strong>2022</strong>, a significant milestone was achieved when <strong>‘Mithila Makhana’</strong> received a <strong>Geographical Indication (GI) tag</strong>. This recognition highlights its unique origin and quality attributes.</p><div class="exam-tip-box"><strong>UPSC Insight:</strong> GI tags are crucial for promoting local products, protecting traditional knowledge, and enhancing farmer income. Understand the implications of such tags for regional economies.</div><h4>Global Market Value</h4><p>The global market for makhana has shown robust growth. In <strong>2023</strong>, the market was valued at approximately <strong>USD 43.56 million</strong>, indicating its increasing demand and economic potential worldwide.</p>